Bushuev S. The struggle of mountaineers for independence under the leadership of Shamil.

Bushuev S. The struggle of mountaineers for independence under the leadership of Shamil.

M.-L. Edition of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1939, 184 p., Fig., maps. Edition of 5000 copies. Hardcover, Lasse, size 1522 cm. Good condition, cut off the title bar on the top, small scuffs on the binding, book trade lettering inside the back cover.

Semyon Kuzmich Bushuev (January 29 [February 10] 1906; village of Berezovka, Moscow province, Russian Empire — August 23, 1958; Riga, Latvian SSR, USSR) was a Soviet historian, specialist in the field of Caucasian studies and Russian foreign policy of the XIX century. Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor. Professor at the faculty of history of the Lomonosov Moscow state University. Director of The higher diplomatic school of the USSR (1943-1947), head of the editorial office of literature on international relations and diplomacy of the State publishing house of foreign literature.

He was born in a peasant village family. From the age of 13, he worked as a carpenter on construction sites in the Moscow, Kaluga and Smolensk provinces. In 1919, he joined the Russian Communist youth Union. In 1924, for active activity in the Komsomol work on the Komsomol ticket, he was sent to study at the working faculty in Moscow.

After graduating in 1927, Bushuev was sent to continue his education at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute named after M. I. Kalinin in the Department of social Sciences. In 1929, he was accepted as a candidate member of the CPSU (b).

After graduating from the Institute in 1931, Bushuev worked as a member of the Presidium of the state planning Committee of the Bashkir ASSR and at the same time taught party history at the Ufa Timiryazev pedagogical Institute. Since the same year, he was a member of the CPSU (b). After that, he held the position of head of the Department in the USSR state planning Committee and at the same time lectured at the Moscow aviation Institute. In 1933-1934 — associate Professor of Moscow aviation Institute, and in 1934-1940 Professor of history Department of MU and the Academy of social Sciences under the CPSU(b).

Since 1934, Bushuev began to study the problems of national history. In 1936, he defended his PhD thesis and then went to work at the Institute of history of the USSR Academy of Sciences as a senior researcher. He prepared the "Chronicle of the work of the USSR history sector of the Institute of history of the USSR Academy of Sciences", published in 1937. At the same time, he was an associate Professor at the History Department of Moscow University, and since 1940, a lecturer at the propaganda and agitation Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b).

During the great Patriotic war, Bushuev repeatedly went to the front as a lecturer. In 1942, he defended his doctoral dissertation on " the Struggle of the North Caucasus mountaineers for independence (1828-1864)". In 1943, as a Professor of the history Department of Moscow state University. M. V. Lomonosov, worked in the people's Commissariat (since 1946 — the Ministry) of foreign Affairs of the USSR, occupying the position of Director of the Higher diplomatic school of the USSR and as an expert consultant Ministry of foreign Affairs of the USSR.

Since 1947, Bushuev has completely focused on research and teaching at the faculty of History of the Moscow state University named after M. V. Lomonosov at the Department of history of the USSR (after its division in 1953, — at the Department of history of the USSR during the period of capitalism).

It is known that in 1949, Bushuev wrote denunciations of the American journalist and writer (Pro-Communist views) A. L. strong, who was subsequently expelled from the USSR for "espionage"; and the publisher of her book S. A. Lyandres, who as a result was sentenced to 8 years, but in 1953 was rehabilitated.

On August 23, 1958, while in Riga, Bushuev died suddenly.

Bushuev's research interests included: problems of national historiography, the history of Russian foreign policy, and so on. The main scientific direction of Bushuev was the history of the peoples of the North Caucasus (Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Adygea), a course of lectures on the problems of which he read since 1937.

A special place in Bushuev's research activity was occupied by the issue of the Muridism movement under the leadership of Imam Shamil during the Caucasian war in the XIX century. However, as noted by A. B. Zaks, many, in the words of Bushuev "still no one has explored" before him, were borrowed by him from N. I. Pokrovsky. When asked about this question, Bushuev, addressing the audience, replied that "for some circumstances, it is better not to mention the name of this historian."

Initially, Bushuev considered Muridism as a struggle of mountaineers for independence against the expansion of the Russian Empire, which generally corresponded to the political situation in the USSR at that time. However, when in the early 1950s views on Muridism, which was now assessed as "inspired by Turkey and England", were revised, Bushuev along with other authors and editors of textbooks on the history of the USSR (members-Corr. USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES N. M. Druzhinin and A. M. Pankratova, and Professor M. V. nechkina) has been somewhat under a cloud. In particular, as noted in the decree of the Presidium of the USSR in 1950 — "the Institute of history of the USSR issued a politically damaging book by S. K. Bushuyev about Shamil". Later, Bushuev considered Muridism as a reactionary movement. At the same time, when in the Wake of the XX Congress of the CPSU in 1956-1957, the question of returning to the assessment of the movement of Shamil as a national liberation was raised, then, in the words of Professor V. B. Kobrin, "it was Bushuev who resisted the most".

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